All Tech at one spot
1.State the basic units of the computer Name the subunits that make up the CPU, and give the function of each of the units.
SOLUTION :-
The basic units of a computer are
1. Input unit
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
3. Output Unit
4. Memory
The CPU has tuss subunits: the control unit (CU) and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU),
The control unit controls the entire operation being carried out.
The ALU performs the arithmetic and logical operations.
2.Give examples for each of system software and application software. Explain the function of each type.
SOLUTION :-
Examples of system software are:
(i) Operating system
(ii) Language Processor
(iii) Application Software
Examples of Operation System are: Windows 10, Ubuntu Linux, MacOS etc.
Operating system governs functions of a computer system and acts as interface between the hardware and the user.
The examples of language processors are:
(i) Interpreter
(ii) Compiler
(iii) Assembler
An interpreter converts and executes an HLL program into object program line by line whereas a compiler converts an HLL program into object program in one go and once the program is error free, it can be executed later. An assembler converts an assembly language program into object program.
Examples of application software are: (i) Customised Software (ii) General software. The customised software pertains to the requirements of a specific user for whom the software has been developed. General software is developed keeping in mind general specifications of a problem.
3.What is the difference between RAM and ROM?
SOLUTION:-
RAM refers to random access memory where both read and write operations can take place. But the RAM is a volatile memory; its contents are lost when power is turned off.
ROM refers to read only memory where only read operation can take place. The ROM is a non-volatile memory.
Both RAM and ROM are parts of the primary memory.
4. What is Data capturing?
SOLUTION :-
Obtaining data and converting it into digital form is called data capturing. It is done by the input devices.
5. What are various categories of software?
SOLUTION :- There are broadly two categories of software:
1. System Software. This type of software controls internal computer operations. software can further be classified in the categories
(i) Operating System an interface between a user and the hardware.
(ii) Language Processor responsible for converting an HLL code into machine code.
(iii) System Utilities carry out housekeeping functions for a computer.
(iv) Device Drivers store instructions to drive and use different hardware devices.
2 Application Software. An application software is the set of programs necessary to carry out operations for a specified application.
6. What is the difference between an interpreter and a compiler?
SOLUTION :-
An interpreter converts an HLL program into machine language line by line and simultaneously executes the converted line. If an error occurs in a line, the line is displayed and interpreter does not proceed unless the error is rectified.
A compiler converts an HLL program in machine language in one go. If there are errors in the program, it gives the error
list along with the line numbers. Once the errors are removed, object code is made available and after this compiler is no more needed in the memory.
7. Describe the terms free software and open source software.
SOLUTION:-
Free software is the software free of cost, which can be copied, modified and redistributed as well but whose source code is not available. Open source software, on the other hand, is the software, whose source code is available and which can be copied, modified and redistributed as well. There may or may not be charges payable for open source software.
8. Write examples of one Proprietary and one Open Source Software.
SOLUTION:-
Open source software: Linux: Proprietary software: Microsoft Windows 10.
9. Name one open source Indian operating system.
SOLUTION :- BOSS Linux
10.Name the software required to make a computer functional. Write down its two primary functions.
SOLUTION :-
Operating system software required to make a computer functional. Like: – Windows, Linux, Ubuntu, Android, iOS, etc.
Its two primary functions are:-
• It manages other application programs for the user .
• It provides access and security to the users for the system to access smoothly.
11. What is the need for secondary memory?
SOLUTION :-
The secondary memory is non-volatile and has larger storage capacity than primary memory. It is slower and cheaper than the main memory. But, it cannot be accessed directly by the CPU. Examples of secondary memory devices include Hard Disk Drive (HDD), CD/DVD, Memory Card, etc. There are secondary storage devices like Solid-State Drive (SSD) which support very fast data transfer speed as compared to earlier HDDs.
12. Mention any browsers used for browsing the internet.
SOLUTION :-
Mozilla Firefox , Google Chrome , Safari etc.
13. Name the input/output device used to do the following:
a) To output audio
Ans :- Speaker.
b) To enter textual data
Ans :- keyboard.
c) To make hard copy of a text file
Ans :- Printer.
d) To display the data/information
Ans :- Monitor
e) To enter audio-based command
Ans :- Microphone
f) To build 3D models
Ans :- 3D printer