Chapter :- 1 The Computer System
Buzz Keyword
1. Hardware: It is the collection of all the parts you can physically touch.
2. Software: It is a set of programs that govern the operation of a computer system and its related devices.
3. System Software: This controls all internal activities of a computer system and also the ones between all the attached components of a computer system.
4. Application Software: It enables the users to complete their specific tasks.
5. General Purpose Computers: These computers are used for general computing purposes.
6. Special Purpose Computers: These are used for a specific application.
7. Programming Language: It is a set of commands, instructions, and other syntax used to create a software program.
8. Machine Language: The language which is composed of 0’s and I’s.
9. Assembly Language: This language uses simple English words known as Mnemonic codes.
10. Assembler: It is used to convert the input by the Assembly Level Language into Machine Language.
11. High Level Language: This is like everyday text and mathematical formulas in appearance.
12. Interpreter: It converts a high level language program into Machine Language line by line.
13. Compiler: It converts the entire program written in High Level Language into Machine Language in one go.
14. Fourth Generation Languages: These languages are user friendly and easily understood.
15. Fifth Generation Languages: These languages are very close to languages spoken by human beings.
Fill in the blanks.
1. Software is a set of programs that governs the operation of a computer system.
2. A software acts as an interface between the user and the Computer.
3. Micro computers are the least powerful and are mostly commonly used.
4. Analog computers are used to process data which is continuous in nature.
5. Binary Language is composed of 0’s and 1’s
6. Assembler is used to convert the input by the Assembly Level Language into Machine Language.
State Whether True or False.
a. We can use software without any hardware. False
b. Our smartphones are general purpose computers. True
c. Microcomputers are faster than Minicomputers. True
d. Digital computers do not possess memory devices.False
e. A code in Machine Language can be edited easily. False
f. Interpreter is a language processor. True
Match the Following.
a. MiniComputer
b. Microcomputer
c. Mainframes
d. Supercomputer
e. Analog Compter
1. Scientific research
2. General purpose
3. Thousand of users
4. Most expensive compter
5. Continuous data
Multiple choice Question.
1.This computer language uses Mnemonic codes.
i Machine Language
ii.Assembly Language
iii.High Level Language
iv.Fourth Generation Language
2.This computer language is used in Artificial Intelligence.
i.Assembly Language
ii.High Level Language
iii. Fourth Generation Language
iv. Fifth Generation Language
3.These types of computers are used for petroleum exploration.
i. Minicomputers
ii. Microcomputers
iii. Mainframe computers
iv. Super compter
4. The System Software among the following is (are)
i. Operating System
ii. Language Processors
iii. Both (i) and (ii)
iv. None of the above
5. These types of computers display output in the form of waves or signals.
i. Digital Computers
ii. Analog Computers
iii. Mainframe Computers
iv. Special Purpose Computers
Q.1 Answer briefly
1. Define Programming Language.
Ans :- A programming language is a set of commands, instructions, and other syntax used to create a software program.
2.What are Hybrid computers?
Ans:- Hybrid computers are mainly used in specialised applications where both digital and analog data need to be processed.
3. What are Mnemonic codes?
Ans :- Assembly language uses simple English words known as Mnemonic codes.
4. Name the two low level languages?
Ans :- Machine language, Assembly Language.
5.What is debugging?
Ans :- Debugging, is the process of removing all errors from a computer program.
6. How are special purpose computers useful?
Ans :- The special purpose computers are used for a specifi c application. They cannot perform any other task.
Q.2 Answer the following question.
1. How are SuperComputers superior to Mainframes?
Ans :- These are the largest and fastest computers. They have very high processing speed. They have extremely large storage capacity.
2.How is a complier different from an interpreter?
Ans :- A compiler converts the entire program written in High Level Language into Machine Language in one go.
3.What are the hightlights of the fourth Generation Language?
Ans :- User-friendly and easily transferrable programs. High speed of execution. Increase in the speed of developing programs. Minimise user effort to obtain information from computer.
4.How is the Machine Language useful?
Ans :- It has high speed and is processed very fast. Machine level code is very effi cient. The use of machine language is very tedious, diffi cult and time consuming. Code written in machine language cannot be transferred to other systems and has to be rewritten.
5. What is the Significance of Analog Computer?
Ans :- Analog computers are the fi rst computers being developed that provide the basis for the development of the modern digital computers. These computers are widely used for certain specialised engineering and scientifi c applications, and for calculation and measurement of analog quantities.